The New Age of Agriculture and Livestock: Adapting to Sustainable Business Models for a Prosperous Future

In the current context of unprecedented environmental and economic challenges, the primary sector is at a crucial crossroads.
The adoption of sustainable business models in agriculture and livestock farming is not only an emerging trend, but an imperative need to ensure the long-term viability of these age-old practices. This paper from the NOVASOIL project aims to explore, from an agricultural economics perspective, how the implementation of sustainable strategies can be a catalyst for growth and resilience in the primary sector.

The heart of sustainability in agriculture and livestock

Often misinterpreted as a simple environmental slogan, sustainability is based on a three-dimensional balance that encompasses the environmental, economic and social dimensions. In agriculture and livestock, this means adopting practices that not only protect and conserve natural resources, but also ensure the profitability and well-being of rural communities. It is important to recognise that sustainability is not a luxury, but a key strategy for the survival and prosperity of the sector.

Innovative models in action

Organic and biodynamic agriculture is a paradigm that respects the interconnectedness of all elements of the agricultural ecosystem. This approach goes beyond the mere avoidance of chemicals and embraces a holistic vision that respects natural cycles and fosters a symbiotic relationship between the land and its producers. On the other hand, integrated livestock production, where animal husbandry is effectively combined with agricultural practices, creates a system that is self-sustaining and reduces the need for external inputs. In this sense, agroforestry and conservation agriculture are becoming tangible examples of how ancient techniques can be combined with modern innovations to optimise the use of natural resources and minimise environmental impact.

The Benefits that Transcend

From an economic perspective, implementing sustainable practices may appear costly in the short term, but analysis over the long term reveals significant cost reductions and the opening up of more lucrative and conscientious markets. Environmentally, these practices contribute to the reduction of the carbon footprint, the conservation of water and the protection of biodiversity, which is essential to maintain the health of the ecosystem in which we all coexist. Socially, communities benefit from a healthier environment, and the social fabric is strengthened through ethical and collaborative practices.

Practical steps towards sustainability

To move towards sustainability, it is essential to promote education and access to affordable resources and training for farmers and livestock keepers (Community Empowerment). The adoption of environmentally friendly and affordable technologies can make a significant difference to the performance and sustainability of crop and livestock production practices. It is also essential that support networks and financing mechanisms, such as grants and loans, are available and accessible for projects aimed at achieving sustainability.

The Azada Verde NGO in Mozambique: an interesting case

The work of the NGO Azada Verde in Mozambique is a fascinating example of how innovation and sustainability can transform entire communities.

Since its inception, Azada Verde has been at the forefront of implementing sustainable business models in the agricultural sector and empowering rural communities through a range of initiatives. Its comprehensive approach ranges from innovative irrigation and reforestation systems to child nutrition and education programmes, all aimed at promoting food sovereignty and respect for the environment.

As well as tackling issues such as hunger and poverty, these activities build community resilience to climate change and improve soil health for more productive and sustainable agriculture. Combining green technologies such as bicycle water pumps and solar irrigation systems with a focus on agroecology shows how creative solutions can be effective and transformative.

Key aspects developed in Mozambique

• Community empowerment: Azada Verde is dedicated to empowering rural communities in Mozambique, ensuring access to the resources and tools necessary to achieve food sovereignty. This initiative aims to combat hunger, poverty and inequality, while ensuring that children in these communities have access to a varied and nutritious diet, and that the land remains healthy and productive.
• Water pumps for bicycles: An innovative element of the Azada Verde model is the use of water pumps for bicycles. These low-cost, ecological machines enable impoverished families to draw water using only the strength of their legs. This not only facilitates access to water, but also provides a practical and sustainable solution for agricultural irrigation.
• Reforestation and sustainable farming: In addition to its water work, Azada Verde also focuses on sustainable reforestation and clean energy solutions. The reforestation project aims to regenerate forest areas through the planting of native species, the use of solar irrigation systems and sustainable farming techniques.
• Developing solar irrigation systems: The NGO uses solar panels to develop solar-powered irrigation systems. These systems collect water from rivers and store it in large barrels, which are then used to irrigate community land automatically and efficiently.
• Nutrition and early education: Through its Schools of Peace project, Azada Verde provides comprehensive care for orphaned and vulnerable boys and girls, ensuring their nutrition and access to education. The organisation also runs a child nutrition programme that provides three meals a day to more than 2,200 malnourished children in rural areas.
• Agroecology and food sovereignty: Using the principles of agroecology, Azada Verde seeks to reconcile human needs with the sustainability of nature by promoting food sovereignty and the use of sustainable and organic farming methods.

The implementation of sustainable business models in the agricultural sector offers important conclusions and valuable lessons for the global agricultural economy.

First, it highlights the feasibility of integrating sustainable practices into agriculture, even in contexts of limited resources and significant environmental challenges. The innovative use of technologies such as bicycle water pumps and solar irrigation systems, together with reforestation and agro-ecological approaches, shows how creative and locally adapted solutions can be used to improve the efficiency and sustainability of agriculture.

Second, it focuses on food sovereignty and rural community empowerment, highlighting the importance of addressing agricultural issues from a holistic perspective. This means not only improving agricultural practices, but also ensuring that communities have control over their food production and access to natural resources such as land, water and seeds. This approach not only contributes to food security, but also promotes gender equality and social development.

As in the case of Azada Verde, it also demonstrates the positive impact of sustainable agricultural practices on soil health. The adoption of farming techniques that respect and improve soil quality is crucial to the long-term sustainability of agriculture and the preservation of ecosystems.

Finally, the success of Azada Verde in Mozambique shows how NGOs and development agencies can play a crucial role in promoting agricultural sustainability. Its collaboration with local communities, governments and international partners is an effective model that can be replicated in other contexts, especially in regions facing similar challenges.